Reid, Chemical Thermodynamics

Chemical Thermodynamics

by Charles E. Reid
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1990
ISBN 0-07-051767-X

Front Section Cover page, About the Athor, Contents, Preface, List of Symbols, Constants and conversion factors

1 Symbols, Units, and Mathematical Methods: Symbols and Units; Thermodynamic Notation for Partial Derivatives; Change of Variable in Differentiation; Exact Differentials and Line Integrals; Homogeneous Functions
2 Introduction and Basic Laws: Basic Definitions; The First Law of Thermodynamics; The Enthalphy; Thermal Equilibrium; Reversible and Irreversible Changes; Intensive and Extensive Properties; The Second Law; Statements of the Second Law; The Carnot Cycle; Some Practical Consequences of the Second Law; The Reverse Carnot Cycle; A Few Historical Comments
3 Equilibrium and the Free Energy Functions: Equilibrium at Constant Energy and Volume; Equilibrium at Constant Temperature and Volume; Equilibrium at Constant Temperature and Pressure; Some Important General Relations; Properties of Temperature; Pressure and Volume Changes; Stable, Metastable, Unstable, and Neutral Equilibria; Nomenclature and Units; Miscellaneous Topics; Checking Derivations
4 Gases: Pressure-Volume Relations in Gases; Temperature Measurement and the Gas Thermometer; The Joule-Thomson Coefficient and Heat Capacity; Identity of the Ideal Gas and Thermodynamic Temperature Scales; The Gas Constant R; Properties of Ideal Gases; The Thermodynamics of Nonideal Gases; Standard States; Fugacities of Liquids and Solids; Experimental p-v-T Data and the Equation of State for Real Gases; The Principle of Corresponding States; The van der Waals Equation; The Clapeyron Equation
5 Introduction to Thermochemistry: Thermodynamic Property Changes in a Reaction; Determination of Energy Change; the Constant-Volume Calorimeter; Determination of Enthalpy Change; Equations of The Kirchhoff Type; Enthalpies of Forniation and Combustion; Bond Enthalpies, Electron Affinities, and Crystal Energies; Determination of Entropies of Reaction; The Third Law; Determination of Entropies by the Third Law
6 Statistical Thermodynamics: General Principles and Definitions; The Boltzmann H-Theorem; The Entropy Postulate; The Distribution of Systems in Equilibrium; Relation of the Partition Function to Thermodynamic Properties; The Einstein Crystal Model; Changing the Zero of the Energy Scale; Factorization of the Partition Function; The Ideal Monatomic Gas; Some Numerical Cakculations; Diatomic Gases; Polyatomic Gases; Properties of Ideal Mixtures; The Debye Crystal Model; Planck's Radiation Equation; Statistical Thermodynamics and the Third Law; Ortho- and Para-hydrogen
7 Mixtures and Solutions: The Chemical Potential; Partial Molar Quantities; Equations of the Gibbs-Duhem Type; The Determination of Partial Molar Quantities; Relations among the Partial Molar Quantities; Jdeal Mixtures; Nonideal Mixtures; Rational Activities; The Colligative Properties; the Determination of Solvent Activities; Solvent Activity at Other Temperatures and Pressures; Application of the Gibbs-Duhem Equation to Activities; Statistical Thermodynamics of Solutions; The Molal Activity Scale
8 Chemical Equilibrium and Phase Equilibrium: Fundamental Equilibrium Expression for a Chemical Reaction; The Equilibrium Constant; Variation of Equilibrium Constant with Temperature; Calculation of Equilibrium Constants from Calorimetric or Spectrometric Data; The Statistical Mechanics of Chemical Equilibrium; Phase Equilibria in Nonreacting Systems; the Phase Rule; The Phase Rule for Reacting Systems; Partially Miscible Binary Liquid Systems
9 The Thermochemistry of Solutions: Enthalpies of Solution; Enthalpies of Formation of Ions; An Example of an Actual Measurement
10 Electrolytic Solutions and Electrochemical Cells: Chemical Potentials, Activities, and Activity Coefficients of Electrolytes; The Debye-Hiickel Limiting Law; Activities of Electrolytes by the Gibbs-Duhem Equation; Galvanic Cells; Thermodynamic Properties from Cells without Liquid Junction; Cells with Liquid Junctions; Half-cell Emf s and Electrode Potentials; Formulation in Terms of Electrochemical Potentials
11 Thermodynamics of Surfaces and Gravitational Fields: General Consideration of Surfaces; Equilibrium Conditions for the Surface; Measurement of Surface Tension; the Capillary Rise; Thermal Effects of Increasing the Surface; Gibbs Equation for Adsorption at a Surface; Thermodynamics in a Gravitational Field
12 Systematic Methods of Deriving Thermodynamic Relations: Properties of Jacobians; Application to Systems of Constant Composition; Shaw's Formulation of the Jacobian Method; The Bridgman Tables; The Transformation of Koenig and Prins

APPENDICES

Derivation of Eq. (2.7) [the entropy equation] from Planck's Statement of the Second Law
Lagrange's Method of Undetermined Multipliers
Combination and Permutation Formulas
Stirling's Formula
Evaluation of Integrals
The Frequency Distribution in the Debye Crystal Model
The Stefan-Boltzmann Constant
Number of Independent Reactions in a Set
Graphical and Numerical Integration
Electrode Potentials (Table)
Table of Thermodynamic Values

Index

Φυσικοχημεία I