| Year | Name | Life | Field | Motivation |
|---|
| 1904 | Sir William Ramsay | 1852-1916 | inorganic chemistry, nuclear chemistry | "in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determination of their place in the periodic system" |
| 1906 | Henri Moissan | 1852-1907 | inorganic chemistry, nuclear chemistry | "in recognition of the great services rendered by him in his investigation and isolation of the element fluorine, and for the adoption in the service of science of the electric furnace called after him" |
| 1908 | Ernest Rutherford | 1871-1937 | nuclear chemistry | "for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances" |
| 1911 | Marie Curie | 1867-1934 | nuclear chemistry | "in recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element" |
| 1921 | Frederick Soddy | 1877-1956 | nuclear chemistry | "for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes" |
| 1934 | Harold C. Urey | 1893-1981 | nuclear chemistry, physical chemistry | "for his discovery of heavy hydrogen" |
| 1935 | Irène Joliot-Curie | 1897-1956 | nuclear chemistry | "in recognition of their synthesis of new radioactive elements" |
| 1935 | Frédéric Joliot | 1900-1958 | nuclear chemistry | "in recognition of their synthesis of new radioactive elements" |
| 1943 | George de Hevesy | 1885-1966 | inorganic chemistry, nuclear chemistry | "for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes" |
| 1944 | Otto Hahn | 1879-1968 | nuclear chemistry | "for his discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei" |
| 1951 | Glenn T. Seaborg | 1912-1999 | nuclear chemistry | "for their discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements" |
| 1951 | Edwin M. McMillan | 1907-1991 | nuclear chemistry | "for their discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements" |
| 1960 | Willard F. Libby | 1908-1980 | nuclear chemistry | "for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science" |